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How to Write a Great Cv

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Modules7
ForGeneral public, lifelong learners
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Course outline

Module 1 Module 1: Understanding What Employers Look For

Understanding What Employers Look For

Introduction

Core content I

Core content II

Core content III

Summary

Further learning

Knowledge check

Q1. What is the first thing a recruiter typically does when reviewing a CV?
  • A. Reads every word carefully from top to bottom
  • B. Scans quickly for relevant keywords and job-related experience ✓
  • C. Checks the candidate's hobbies and personal interests
  • D. Looks at the photograph to assess appearance

Why: Recruiters often spend only a few seconds on an initial scan, looking for evidence that the candidate matches the role's key requirements and keywords.

Q2. Which of the following best describes what employers mean by 'relevant experience'?
  • A. Any job the candidate has ever held, regardless of field
  • B. Experience that directly demonstrates skills needed for the target role ✓
  • C. Only full-time paid employment in a corporate setting
  • D. The number of years the candidate has been working

Why: Employers want evidence that a candidate can perform the specific tasks of the role, so experience that shows the required skills is what matters most.

Q3. Why do many employers value quantified achievements on a CV?
  • A. Numbers make the CV look longer and more detailed
  • B. They provide concrete evidence of impact and results ✓
  • C. Applicant tracking systems can only read numbers
  • D. Employers are legally required to see statistics

Why: Specific figures such as percentages, revenue, or team sizes give employers clear, credible evidence of what the candidate actually accomplished.

Q4. What is the main purpose of tailoring a CV to each job application?
  • A. To make the CV longer so it looks more impressive
  • B. To highlight the skills and experience most relevant to that specific role ✓
  • C. To hide gaps in employment history
  • D. To use the same wording the candidate used for previous jobs

Why: Tailoring shows employers that the candidate understands the role and has the specific qualifications it requires, improving the chances of progressing.

Q5. Which quality do employers most often look for beyond technical skills?
  • A. A perfectly designed graphic layout
  • B. Evidence of soft skills such as communication, teamwork, and adaptability ✓
  • C. A long list of hobbies and interests
  • D. References from family members

Why: Employers consistently value soft skills because they affect how well a person collaborates, communicates, and adapts within a team and organisation.

Module 2 Module 2: Choosing the Right CV Format

Choosing the Right CV Format

Introduction

Core content I

Core content II

Core content III

Summary

Further learning

Knowledge check

Q1. Which CV format organises your work experience primarily by date, starting with your most recent role?
  • A. Functional CV
  • B. Chronological CV ✓
  • C. Combination CV
  • D. Infographic CV

Why: A chronological CV lists work history in reverse date order, making it easy for recruiters to see career progression and employment continuity. It is the most widely used format.

Q2. Which format is best suited for someone changing careers or with gaps in their employment history?
  • A. Chronological CV
  • B. Functional CV ✓
  • C. Reverse-chronological CV
  • D. Targeted CV

Why: A functional CV emphasises skills and achievements grouped by theme rather than by job dates, which helps downplay gaps and highlight transferable abilities relevant to a new field.

Q3. What is the main advantage of a combination CV?
  • A. It removes all dates from the document
  • B. It highlights key skills at the top while still showing a chronological work history ✓
  • C. It is only suitable for creative industries
  • D. It replaces the need for a cover letter

Why: A combination (hybrid) CV leads with a skills summary to catch the reader's attention, then supports it with a dated employment history, blending the strengths of both main formats.

Q4. Why is a standard, simple layout generally recommended when applying through online applicant tracking systems?
  • A. ATS software cannot read tables, columns, and graphics reliably ✓
  • B. ATS software only accepts handwritten CVs
  • C. ATS software requires a photo on every CV
  • D. ATS software ignores all text in bold

Why: Many applicant tracking systems parse documents as plain text, so complex layouts with multiple columns, text boxes, or images can scramble or lose information. A clean, single-column layout improves readability for both software and recruiters.

Q5. Which section should usually appear first on a chronological CV for an experienced professional?
  • A. Hobbies and interests
  • B. References
  • C. Professional experience, starting with the most recent role ✓
  • D. Education from primary school

Why: For experienced candidates, recent professional experience is the most relevant evidence of suitability, so it is placed prominently and listed in reverse-chronological order.

Module 3 Module 3: Writing a Compelling Personal Profile

Writing a Compelling Personal Profile

Introduction

Core content I

Core content II

Core content III

Summary

Further learning

Knowledge check

Q1. What is the main purpose of a personal profile at the top of a CV?
  • A. To list every job you have ever held in chronological order
  • B. To give a recruiter a quick, compelling summary of your skills, experience and career goals ✓
  • C. To explain why you left each previous job
  • D. To include your full list of hobbies and interests

Why: A personal profile is a short introductory summary that quickly tells the reader who you are professionally, what you bring, and what you are aiming for, helping them decide whether to read on.

Q2. Which length is most appropriate for a personal profile?
  • A. One sentence only
  • B. Around 2 to 4 lines or roughly 50 to 80 words ✓
  • C. Two full pages
  • D. At least 300 words

Why: Recruiters skim CVs quickly, so a profile of about 2 to 4 lines or 50 to 80 words is concise enough to read at a glance while still providing meaningful detail.

Q3. Which opening is the strongest for a personal profile?
  • A. I am a person who likes working with people and computers.
  • B. Objective: To find a job where I can grow.
  • C. Results-driven marketing specialist with 6 years of experience growing B2B brands and increasing lead generation by 40%. ✓
  • D. I have been looking for work for some time and would be grateful for any opportunity.

Why: Option C is specific, uses a professional descriptor, quantifies achievements and signals value immediately. The other options are vague, focus on the candidate's needs rather than the value they offer, or use outdated objective-statement phrasing.

Q4. What should a personal profile avoid?
  • A. Specific achievements and measurable results
  • B. Clear references to the target role
  • C. Generic clichés such as 'hard-working team player' without evidence ✓
  • D. Keywords relevant to the job advertisement

Why: Generic clichés like 'hard-working team player' are used by almost every candidate and carry little weight. Strong profiles back claims with evidence, achievements or specific skills instead.

Q5. How should you tailor your personal profile for a specific job application?
  • A. Use the exact same profile for every application to stay consistent
  • B. Remove all mention of your experience so the recruiter focuses on the role
  • C. Adjust the wording to reflect the job description's key skills and requirements ✓
  • D. Write a completely different profile that does not match your CV's experience

Why: Tailoring the profile to mirror the key skills and requirements in the job description helps your application match the role and can improve how applicant tracking systems and recruiters assess your fit.

Module 4 Module 4: Showcasing Your Experience and Achievements

Showcasing Your Experience and Achievements

Introduction

Core content I

Core content II

Core content III

Summary

Further learning

Knowledge check

Q1. Which approach best describes an achievement on a CV compared to a simple duty?
  • A. Listing the tasks you were responsible for in your role
  • B. Describing a measurable result you delivered, such as increasing sales by 20% ✓
  • C. Stating the number of years you have worked in a field
  • D. Copying the job description from the employer's advert

Why: Achievements show the impact of your work with concrete results, whereas duties only describe what you were expected to do. Quantified outcomes are especially persuasive to recruiters.

Q2. What is the recommended structure for describing an accomplishment using the STAR method?
  • A. Skills, Tools, Analysis, Results
  • B. Situation, Task, Action, Result ✓
  • C. Summary, Target, Application, Review
  • D. Strategy, Team, Advice, Requirements

Why: STAR stands for Situation, Task, Action, Result. It gives a clear narrative: the context, your responsibility, what you did, and the outcome achieved.

Q3. Which bullet point is the strongest example for a CV?
  • A. Responsible for managing customer emails
  • B. Helped with the company website
  • C. Redesigned the customer onboarding process, reducing drop-off rates by 15% within six months ✓
  • D. Was a hard-working team member who did many things

Why: This bullet uses a strong action verb, describes a specific contribution, and includes a measurable result with a timeframe, making it concrete and credible.

Q4. Why should you tailor the achievements you showcase to each job application?
  • A. Because employers prefer CVs that are longer than two pages
  • B. So that the most relevant accomplishments match the requirements of the specific role ✓
  • C. Because recruiters only read the first line of every CV
  • D. To avoid ever repeating the same wording across applications

Why: Highlighting the achievements most relevant to a particular role helps recruiters quickly see that you match the job's needs, improving your chances of progressing.

Q5. Which of the following is the best way to quantify an achievement when exact figures are unavailable?
  • A. Omit any numbers and use vague adjectives like 'many' or 'significant'
  • B. Use reasonable estimates, approximate scale, or comparisons such as 'managed a team of 8' or 'served around 200 clients monthly' ✓
  • C. Invent precise statistics to make the CV more impressive
  • D. Leave out the achievement entirely

Why: Reasonable estimates and scale indicators add credibility and specificity without fabrication. Inventing figures is dishonest and risky, while vague language weakens impact.

Module 5 Module 5: Highlighting Skills and Qualifications

Highlighting Skills and Qualifications

Introduction

Core content I

Core content II

Core content III

Summary

Further learning

Knowledge check

Q1. Which of the following is the best way to present a skill on your CV?
  • A. Listing 'Good with computers' with no supporting detail
  • B. Stating 'Proficient in Microsoft Excel, including pivot tables and VLOOKUP, used to produce monthly sales reports' ✓
  • C. Writing 'Hard-working and dedicated' at the top of the page
  • D. Including a long paragraph describing every software you have ever opened

Why: Specific skills backed by a concrete example or application are more credible and memorable to recruiters than vague claims. Option B names the skill, the level of proficiency, and how it was used.

Q2. What is the main purpose of a skills section on a CV?
  • A. To fill up empty space on the page
  • B. To quickly show recruiters that you have the abilities the job requires ✓
  • C. To list every hobby you have ever had
  • D. To replace your work experience section

Why: Recruiters often scan CVs quickly, so a skills section helps them match your abilities to the job requirements at a glance. It complements, rather than replaces, your experience and hobbies are usually only relevant if they support the role.

Q3. When tailoring your CV to a specific job advert, what should you do?
  • A. Use the same CV for every application to save time
  • B. Mirror relevant keywords and skills from the job description that genuinely match your experience ✓
  • C. Add skills you do not possess so you appear more qualified
  • D. Remove all technical skills so the CV looks more general

Why: Aligning your language with the job description helps your CV pass applicant tracking systems and shows the employer you fit the role. Adding skills you lack is dishonest and can backfire at interview.

Q4. Which type of skill is most useful to highlight in a CV for a customer service role?
  • A. Ability to name every programming language
  • B. Strong communication and active listening skills, demonstrated with examples such as resolving complaints ✓
  • C. Experience in deep-sea diving
  • D. Knowledge of ancient history

Why: Relevant transferable skills such as communication and listening are central to customer service. Demonstrating them with examples makes your claim believable and directly relevant to the role.

Q5. How should qualifications such as degrees or certificates be presented on a CV?
  • A. Hidden at the bottom in very small font
  • B. Clearly listed with the qualification name, awarding institution, and date obtained ✓
  • C. Only mentioned in the cover letter
  • D. Described in full detail with every module you studied

Why: Qualifications should be easy to find and verify, so listing the name, institution, and date is standard practice. Excessive detail such as every module studied takes up space that is better used for more relevant information.

Module 6 Module 6: Tailoring Your CV for Each Job

Tailoring Your CV for Each Job

Introduction

Core content I

Core content II

Core content III

Summary

Further learning

Knowledge check

Q1. What is the most important first step when tailoring your CV for a specific job?
  • A. Adding as many skills as possible to your CV
  • B. Carefully reading the job description to identify key requirements and keywords ✓
  • C. Rewriting your entire CV from scratch
  • D. Sending the same CV to multiple employers to save time

Why: Reading the job description helps you identify the skills, qualifications, and keywords the employer values, so you can highlight the most relevant parts of your experience.

Q2. Why is it useful to include keywords from the job advertisement in your CV?
  • A. Keywords make your CV look more colourful and visually appealing
  • B. Many employers use applicant tracking systems that scan CVs for relevant keywords ✓
  • C. Keywords replace the need to describe your experience in detail
  • D. Recruiters prefer CVs that copy the job advert word for word

Why: Applicant tracking systems often filter CVs based on keyword matches, so including relevant terms from the job description helps your CV get seen by a human reviewer. Keywords should still be used naturally and truthfully.

Q3. When tailoring your CV, which section should you typically reorder to highlight the most relevant information first?
  • A. Your hobbies and interests
  • B. Your education from primary school
  • C. Your professional experience and skills relevant to the role ✓
  • D. Your references

Why: Placing the experience and skills most relevant to the target role near the top makes it easy for the recruiter to see you are a strong match quickly.

Q4. What should you do if you have a lot of experience, but only some of it relates to the job you are applying for?
  • A. Include all of your experience in full detail regardless of relevance
  • B. Remove your entire work history except for the current job
  • C. Focus on and expand the most relevant experience while summarising or condensing the less relevant parts ✓
  • D. Lie about your experience to make it match the job

Why: Emphasising the most relevant experience and condensing the rest keeps your CV focused and concise, which makes it easier for employers to see your suitability for the role.

Q5. Which approach best reflects good CV tailoring rather than a generic CV?
  • A. Using one master CV for every application without changes
  • B. Adjusting your personal statement, skills, and achievements to match each specific role ✓
  • C. Writing a longer CV so that it covers every possible job
  • D. Using a template with no personalisation

Why: Tailoring means adapting key sections such as your personal statement, skills, and achievements so they speak directly to the requirements of each particular role, rather than relying on a one-size-fits-all document.

Module 7 Module 7: Proofreading and Finalising Your CV

Proofreading and Finalising Your CV

Introduction

Core content I

Core content II

Core content III

Summary

Further learning

Knowledge check

Q1. Why is it recommended to read your CV aloud before finalising it?
  • A. It helps you memorise your work history for interviews
  • B. It helps you catch awkward phrasing, missing words, and sentences that don't flow naturally
  • C. It is required by most recruitment software to validate the file
  • D. It shortens the document so it fits on a single page
Q2. Which of the following is the most effective approach to catching spelling errors that a spell-checker might miss?
  • A. Changing the font to make errors stand out
  • B. Printing the CV in colour
  • C. Reading the CV backwards, word by word, or asking someone else to proofread it
  • D. Running the document through a word counter
Q3. What is the main risk of relying only on automated grammar tools when proofreading a CV?
  • A. They cannot open PDF files
  • B. They may miss context-specific errors, such as using 'their' instead of 'there' correctly spelled but wrongly used
  • C. They always delete formatting
  • D. They prevent you from saving your work
Q4. Which consistency check is most important when finalising the formatting of your CV?
  • A. Using the same font size for every heading and bullet point throughout the document
  • B. Using a different colour for each job title
  • C. Making every section exactly the same length
  • D. Including a photo on every page
Q5. Why should you check the company name and job title in a tailored CV before sending it to an employer?
  • A. Because recruiters only read the first and last words of a CV
  • B. Because a wrong company name or job title suggests a lack of attention to detail and can cost you the opportunity
  • C. Because applicant tracking systems require capital letters for company names
  • D. Because the job title must always appear in the first line of the CV

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